INORGANIC CHEMISTRY | ATOMIC STRUCTURE | PHARMACEUTICAL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Chemistry.

In the end of this session we expect every one of us will be able to 

1. Define key terminologies used in inorganic chemistry
2. Describe the importance of chemistry in pharmacy

chemistry
A science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes

Branches of chemistry 

Physical chemistry
Organic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Industrial chemistry
Bio chemistry etc.

Inorganic Chemistry

• The study of chemicals that do not contain carbon.
• It involves all elements 

Organic Chemistry

• The study of chemicals that contain carbon
• Is the study of most carbon compounds

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Analytical Chemistry

• Identifies, Evaluates, Compares the Components of matter.
• Uses instruments to find answers 

Physical Chemistry
This is the study of the properties and changes of matter in relation to energy.

Biochemistry 

• Study of processes that take place in organisms.
• This is the study of the chemistry of living organisms.

Biochemists look at DNA, RNA, proteins, and other chemicals produced by cells and viruses.

Matter

• Is anything that has mass and occupies space;
• Matter exists in three states which are solid, liquid and gas

Atom

• Is the smallest portion into which an element can be divided and still retain its properties, made up of a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a system of electrons.
• Atoms usually do not divide in chemical reactions except for some removal, transfer, or exchange of specific electrons

OR The smallest particle of a substance that can exist by itself or be combined with other atoms to form a molecule

 
ELEMENT
Is a simplest form of pure substance that cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means.

 
Molecule
Simply molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that retains the chemical and physical properties of the substance and is composed of two or more atoms. 

Compound
Refers to two or more elements chemically combined to form a new substance with new properties.
Mixture

Refers to two or more substances that are physically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means.

Importance of chemistry in pharmacy

• Provides knowledge and skill (capacity) of synthesis, qualitative control, characterization, quantitative control of pharmaceutical preparations.
• Help to understand the mechanism of action of drugs at the molecular level.
• Help to predict the use of drugs on the basis of properties example antiseptics
• Help to predict side effects example sulphur containing inorganic compounds
• Chemistry helps pharmacist to understand the chemical formula of the drugs in order to design new drugs.
• Biochemistry which is a branch of chemistry gives the pharmacist knowledge about the different metabolic activities of the body so that the pharmacist can calculate the fate of the drug inside the body.
• With the knowledge of chemistry a pharmacist can identify or determine the unknown compounds/samples by doing different types of tests.
• Knowledge about the different types of vitamins and minerals is also provided by chemistry which are used as supplements for the patient prescribed by a pharmacist.
• Knowledge of organic chemistry helps the pharmacist to synthesize new compounds or molecules for different medicines. A pharmacist can make certain changes in the already existing drugs to increase or enhance the therapeutic effects of that drug.
• By the knowledge of chemistry a pharmacist can discover new drugs. Hence he can identify different novel active compounds.