INTRODUCTION
generator, difference of the stator frequency and rotor frequency is slip. Slip
is the output of generator, when the generator is under loaded or overloaded
suddenly, the frequency fluctuation try to overcome the changes. If this
fluctuation continues rising and falling the slip i.e. output of the generator
is disturbed, consequence generator will not able to take the load and produce
noises. This phenomenon of generator fail to load and produces noises due to
frequency oscillation on its equilibrium position caused by many reasons such
as sudden overload or under load or fault in the system is called hunting
The steady state or
stable operation of a generator the load torque is equal as well as opposite to
the electromagnetic torque. The rotor of the generator runs at synchronous
speed in the steady condition, maintain a constant value of the torque angle.
The equilibrium get disturbed if sudden change occurs in the load torque. Thus,
a resulting torque takes place which changes the speed of the generator.
The speed of the
generator slows down temporarily, and the torque angle is sufficiently
increased. This is done to restore the torque equilibrium and synchronous speed
when there is a sudden increase of the load torque
If the value of angle is
increased, the electromagnetic torque is also increased. As the result, the
generator is accelerated. As the rotor reaches the synchronous speed, the
torque angle is larger than the required value. Here the rotor speed continues
to increase beyond the synchronous speed.
As the rotor accelerates
above synchronous speed, the torque angle decreases. The point where the
generator torque becomes equal to the load torque, the equilibrium is not
restored because now the rotor speed is greater than the synchronous speed.
Therefore, the rotor continues to swing backwards and as a result, the torque
angle goes on decreasing.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Power stability has been
a problem at SOMANGA GAS PLANT located at Kilwa district, Lindi region due to
outage of generator caused by hunting phenomenon.
Somanga gas plant
consist of two generators operating parallel i.e same frequency and same
voltage under normal operation. Under hunting situation of one generator causes
the frequency of it to loss synchronism operation (parallel operation)
gradually and the load share remain depend to the remain generator which acts
as master generator. If this persist for a long time the outage of hunting
machine acts as slave generator will occur and the remain generator will be
overloaded by the system load and also may trip
In view of that project
intend to design a circuit for which will control hunting of generator to
retain it to equilibrium before outage and also to ensure load balance and to
protect system from overload
OBJECTIVES OF THE
PROJECT
MAIN OBJECTIVE.
To design automatic
circuit for control load share and frequency of hunting generator in order to
ensure stability and continue availability power supply.
Ø SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.
•
To
establish design specification.
•
To
design sensing unit.
•
To
design the for partial load shedding.
•
To
design switching circuit.
•
To
interface all peripherals with control unit.
•
To
design power supply unit to power all the peripherals.
SIGNIFICANCES OF THE
PROJECT
•
To
minimize power outage or power fluctuation due to delay switching by operator.
•
To
increase power stability and availability.
•
To
increase income by minimize power outage.
•
To
reduce mechanical stress of machines due to frequent outage and overload.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF EXISTING SYSTEM
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
PROPOSED CIRCUIT FOR NORMAL
OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM
